Ingredient Studies
Hyaluronic Acid
Topical hyaluronic acid decreased wrinkle depth by up to 40%, improved skin hydration by up to 96%, and enhanced firmness and elasticity by up to 55%.
Efficacy of a New Topical Nano-Hyaluronic Acid in Humans. J Drugs Dermatol. 33 women, avg. age 45, 8 weeks.
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Adenosine
Topical adenosine produced statistically significant improvements in wrinkle depth, dermal density, elasticity, and hydration.
Kang S, et al. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 2018. (See also Abella ML, Int J Cosmet Sci, 2006.)
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Niacinamide
5% niacinamide significantly reduced fine lines, wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, red blotchiness and sallowness, and improved elasticity.
Bissett DL, et al. Niacinamide: A B Vitamin that Improves Aging Facial Skin Appearance. Dermatologic Surgery, 2005. 50 women, 5%, 12 weeks.
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Nitric Oxide
A topical nitric-oxide-generating serum significantly improved wrinkles, pores, evenness, pigmentation and skin vasculature over 12 weeks.
Nitric Oxide Generating Formulation as an Innovative Approach to Topical Skin Care. Cosmetics (MDPI), 2021. (See also J Drugs Dermatol, 2023: 21% lines/wrinkles, 27% texture at 12 weeks.)
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Centella Asiatica · Madecassoside
Centella asiatica's actives, madecassoside and asiaticoside, stimulate collagen synthesis and support skin elasticity, firmness, and barrier recovery.
Pharmacological Effects of Centella asiatica on Skin Diseases: Evidence and Possible Mechanisms. PMC, 2021.
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Ceramide NP
Ceramide-containing formulations significantly improve skin water content and reduce transepidermal water loss, restoring barrier function.
Kono T, et al. Clinical significance of the water retention and barrier function-improving capabilities of ceramide-containing formulations. The Journal of Dermatology, 2021.
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Panthenol · Pro-Vitamin B5
Topical panthenol significantly improves skin hydration and strengthens the skin barrier, with a significant reduction in water loss versus control.
A new topical panthenol-containing emollient: results from two randomized controlled studies. 2016.
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Vitamin C
Topical vitamin C produced clinically visible and statistically significant improvement in wrinkling over 12 weeks, with biopsy-confirmed increases in collagen.
Fitzpatrick RE, Rostan EF. Double-blind, half-face study comparing topical vitamin C and vehicle for rejuvenation of photodamage. Dermatologic Surgery, 2002.
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Beta-Glucan
After 8 weeks, topical beta-glucan produced a significant reduction in wrinkle depth, height, and overall skin roughness.
Pillai R, et al. Anti-Wrinkle Therapy: New Findings in the Cosmetic Treatment of Wrinkles with Beta-Glucan. Int. J. Cosmetic Science, 2005 (27 subjects). Reviewed in Food Science & Nutrition, 2025.
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